WASHINGTON — The U.S. wars and military action in Afghanistan, Iraq, Syria and Pakistan have cost American taxpayers $5.9 trillion since they began in 2001, according to a new study.

That total is almost $2 trillion more than all federal government spending during the recently completed 2017-18 fiscal year.

The $5.9 trillion figure reflects the cost across the U.S. federal government since the price of war is not borne by the Defense Department alone, according to Neta Crawford, the study’s author.

In addition to the money spent by the Pentagon, Crawford says the report captures the “war-related spending by the Department of State, past and obligated spending for war veterans’ care, interest on the debt incurred to pay for the wars, and the prevention of and response to terrorism by the Department of Homeland Security.” (Most of the debt financed by China)

It breaks down like this, according to Crawford and the report:

• Total U.S. war-related spending through fiscal year 2019 is $4.9 trillion.
• The other $1 trillion reflects estimates for the cost of health care for post-9/11 veterans.
• The Department of Veterans Affairs will be responsible for serving more than 4.3 million veterans by 2039.

What’s more, longer wars will also increase the number of service members who will ultimately claim veterans benefits and disability payments.

The U.S. government spent $4.1 trillion during fiscal year 2018, which ended Sept. 30, according to the Treasury Department.

The Defense Department accounted for 14.7% of that, and the Department of Veterans Affairs accounted for 4.4 percent.